Oil heater with combined heating PNK is for heating of oil of different viscosity and oil emulsions at technological preparation of oil at oil fields and also during its transportation. Possibility of product heating to 110°Ñ temperature in a heater provides use of PNK during heavy crude preparation and also in oil and gas condensate stabilization technologies. Heater is for use in areas with moderate climate (“U” construction), placement category – 1, in accordance with GOST 15150.
Advantages of PNK
- In heater principles of slow oil heating in intermediate heat carrier medium (fresh water) and in moderate temperature medium of fuel combustion products are implemented. These exclude carbon deposit on coil walls and operation disturbances.
- Use of heat transfer enhancement method allowed to reduce overall dimensions and weight of heater in comparison with well known native and foreign analogues.
- Applied constructive solutions provide high effectiveness, cost effectiveness, ecological compatibility and operation safety of a heater.
- Coefficient of efficiency is 87%.
Technical specifications
|
Parameter
|
PNK-0,73 | PNK-1,9 | PNK-3,5 |
| Rated output, MW (GCal/hour) | 0,73 (0,63) |
1,9 (1,6) | 3,5 (3,0) |
| Heated medium | oil- viscosity at 20°Ñ not more than 50 sS, acid gases content: Í2S not more than 0,002 % weight ÑÎ2 not more than 1,0 % weight |
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| Working pressure in coil, MPa (kgs/sm2) | 6,3 (63) |
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| Pressure drop in a coil, MPa (kg/sm2), not more than | 0,25(2,5) | 0,3(3,0) | 0,2(2,0) |
| Temperature of: |
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| - product in input/output, +oC | 10 / 110 | ||
| - heating of intermediate heat carrier (fresh water), +°Ñ not more than | 95 | ||
| Volume of heat carrier (fresh water), m3 | 4,7 | 4,9 | 7,6 |
| Fuel |
natural or associated gas, Qíð= 30-60 MJ/m³ | ||
| Fuel flow (Qíð=35 MJ/nm3), nm3/hour | 91,5 | 225,2 | 422,3 |
| Efficiency coefficient, % | 85 |
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| AC power supply of devices of ignition, control, signaling protection system and other equipment, V/Hz | 220 / 50 | ||
| Overall dimensions (length õ width õ height), m, not more than |
8,35 × 2,05 × 3,62 | 10,6 × 2,55 × 5,55 | 13,85 × 2,96 × 5,55 |
| Weight, t, not more than |
4,6 | 11 | 22,5 |
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Operation and description of oil heater PNK-1,9
Heater consists of the following main parts:
- heater unit with burner;
- fuel preparation unit;
- air ventilation unit;
- automation system.
Heating unit is for heat transfer from combustion products to heated product. Heating unit is made as a vessel mounted on bed frame and filled with intermediate heat carrier. Fire box and product coil separated to two flows are located in vessel. Main and pilot burners are fastened to fire box flange.
Fire box looks like flat-topped welded structure made of pipe with 620 mm diameter. Agitator rings are mounted in hot leg; product coil is located in cold leg for intensification of heat convection. Fire box is fastened to the vessel by means of flange.
Coil located in intermediate heat carrier medium is a sex section pipe bundle of 89x5mm diameter. Each section is made as double-threaded flat spiral. Coil which is located in cold leg of fire box looks like six-row bundle of 89x5 mm diameter. Winding wire at pipes is used for intensification of heat convection of combustion products.
Heating unit is made as monoblock that can be transported by any transport. Fuel preparation unit for mounting of purification devices, reduction and control of fuel feed to burner and air ventilation unit are used in a heater.
Automation system is intended for remote ignition of burners, oil heating technological parameters regulation, operational and fault signaling, automatic protection of heater at deviation from norm of controlled parameters.
Principles of slow heating of oil in intermediate heat carrier medium (fresh water, water-glycol fluid) and in moderate temperature medium of fuel combustion products are implemented in a heater. This excludes carbon deposition on inner wall of coil and operation disturbances. Decision to combust fuel gas in fire box chamber of fire tube under low back pressure allowed applying methods of heat exchange intensification from combustion products to heat-absorbing walls of fire box (use of agitator ring) and product coil (use of winding wire) and due to it significantly reduce overall dimensions and weight of heater.
Burner applied in heater construction with aerodynamic control GSAU-200 (developed by Samara State Technical University) allows to optimize thermal performance of production due to:
- rise of radiated component of heat exchange from flue gas to fire box wall due to displacement of core of flare burning;
- rise of convective component of heat exchange due to rise of axial velocity and flow turbulence rate;
- ability to regulate length of flare;
- reducing nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases to 65-70 mg/m2;
- reducing power consumption for forced draught in 2–32 times;
- increase of interrepair life of fire boxes to 10-12 months.
